Over on UD Denyse O'Leary is complimenting Alfred Russel Wallace for his 1907 critique of Percival Lowell's claims that Mars was inhabited by intelligent, canal-building Martians. She says:
What made Wallace so unpopular compared to Darwin is that he insisted that in science, evidence matters. Carl Sagan-style proclamations like "They're out there! How could we be so arrogant as to think we are all alone!" do not become science just because they are proclaimed by scientists.
First, the idea that Wallace was ever wildly unpopular is ridiculous, he was a grand old man of evolution and British science when he died. Second, if Wallace insisted that evidence matters and O'Leary likes this, then I guess she considers this a strong vote for common ancestry and natural selection, both of which Wallace defended as vigorously as anyone. We evolutionists win I guess. Third, let's have a look at what
Wallace actually said about Lowell's hypothesis that intelligent designers were the best explanations for the patterns he thought he saw on Mars:
The one great feature of Mars which led Mr. Lowell to adopt the view of its being inhabited by a race of highly intelligent beings, and, with ever-increasing discovery to uphold this theory to the present time, is undoubtedly that of the so-called 'canals'--their straightness, their enormous length, their great abundance, and their extension over the planet's whole surface from one polar snow-cap to the other. The very immensity of this system, and its constant growth and extension during fifteen [[p. 103]] years of persistent observation, have so completely taken possession of his mind, that, after a very hasty glance at analogous facts and possibilities, he has declared them to be 'non-natural'--therefore to be works of art--therefore to necessitate the presence of highly intelligent beings who have designed and constructed them. This idea has coloured or governed all his writings on the subject. The innumerable difficulties which it raises have been either ignored, or brushed aside on the flimsiest evidence. As examples, he never even discusses the totally inadequate water-supply for such world-wide irrigation, or the extreme irrationality of constructing so vast a canal-system the waste from which, by evaporation, when exposed to such desert conditions as he himself describes, would use up ten times the probable supply.
Again, he urges the 'purpose' displayed in these 'canals.' Their being all so straight, all describing great circles of the 'sphere,' all being so evidently arranged (as he thinks) either to carry water to some 'oasis' 2000 miles away, or to reach some arid region far over the equator in the opposite hemisphere! But he never considers the difficulties this implies. Everywhere these canals run for thousands of miles across waterless deserts, forming a system and indicating a purpose, the wonderful perfection of which he is never tired of dwelling upon (but which I myself can nowhere perceive). [[p. 104]] Yet he never even attempts to explain how the Martians could have lived before this great system was planned and executed, or why they did not first utilise and render fertile the belt of land adjacent to the limits of the polar snows--why the method of irrigation did not, as with all human arts, begin gradually, at home, with terraces and channels to irrigate the land close to the source of the water. How, with such a desert as he describes three-fourths of Mars to be, did the inhabitants ever get to know anything of the equatorial regions and its needs, so as to start right away to supply those needs? All this, to my mind, is quite opposed to the idea of their being works of art, and altogether in favour of their being natural features of a globe as peculiar in origin and internal structure as it is in its surface-features. The explanation I have given, though of course hypothetical, is founded on known cosmical and terrestrial facts, and is, I suggest, far more scientific as well as more satisfactory than Mr. Lowell's wholly unsupported speculation. This view I have explained in some detail in the preceding chapter.
Mr. Lowell never even refers to the important question of loss by evaporation in these enormous open canals, or considers the undoubted fact that the only intelligent and practical way to convey a limited quantity of water such great distances would be by a system of water-tight and air-tight [[p. 105]] tubes laid under the ground. The mere attempt to use open canals for such a purpose shows complete ignorance and stupidity in these alleged very superior beings; while it is certain that, long before half of them were completed their failure to be of any use would have led any rational beings to cease constructing them.
He also fails to consider the difficulty, that, if these canals are necessary for existence in Mars, how did the inhabitants ever reach a sufficiently large population with surplus food and leisure enabling them to rise from the low condition of savages to one of civilisation, and ultimately to scientific knowledge? Here again is a dilemma which is hard to overcome. Only a dense population with ample means of subsistence could possibly have constructed such gigantic works; but, given these two conditions, no adequate motive existed for the conception and execution of them--even if they were likely to be of any use, which I have shown they could not be.
Whoops! And now that I'm thinking of it, we've seen
IDists shooting themselves in the foot with Lowell's Martians before.
P.S.: Go vote!!
91 Comments
Henry J · 4 November 2008
Mars Attacks!!!111!!one!!
eric · 4 November 2008
Hmm, so independent parallel lines of evidence are good? Who'd a thunk it? Maybe Denyse would like to describe all the parallel independent lines of evidence for a desginer...
Nothing to do with Mars, but Flat Earth: The History of an Infamous Idea by Christine Garwood talks a bit about Wallace and his popularity/unpopularity compared to Darwin. And IMO its a good read.
Dave Wisker · 4 November 2008
Darwin didn't think evidence mattered? O'Leary is such a tiresome maroon.
Brian · 4 November 2008
Even if O'Leary's argument turned out to be sound and valid, which per usual it was not, congratulating yourselves on being part of the tradition that told us...that there's no life on Mars....
I still wouldn't have been impressed.
Brian
Glen Davidson · 4 November 2008
http://tinyurl.com/2kxyc7
JGB · 4 November 2008
How about we not let O'Leary distort Carl Sagan's feelings about evidence. He may have sincerely and passionately believed in other life, but he also was the person who said "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence."
iml8 · 4 November 2008
No need to pick on Percival Lowell, he was no crank -- he
just let his imagination carry him off. It sure would have
been fun if he'd been right.
Of course there is the thudding irony of a ID advocate
praising Wallace for debunking an "intelligent design
inference." This is not the first time they've tried to
use the Martian canals to bolster their case.
I suspect they recognize that the bogus Martian
canals make life difficult for, say, irreducible
complexity and the explanatory filter, and so they try to
stake a claim as a preemptive measure.
Sigh: "C'mon, people, if you had half a case to make you
wouldn't waste your time with games like this."
White Rabbit (Greg Goebel) http://www.vectorsite.net/gblog.html
Dale Husband · 4 November 2008
I sometimes wish the ID promoters would just shut up and go away......because every time they talk, they look even more ridiculous than before!
Dale Husband · 4 November 2008
Dale Husband · 4 November 2008
Indeed, further investigation reveals that the ENTIRE Uncommon Descent blog is malfunctioning!
Maybe it should just be ignored from now on. They are not doing anything productive or useful at all, and have not been doing so since 2005, when they got defeated by the Dover decision.
Dale Husband · 4 November 2008
Peter Henderson · 4 November 2008
John Vanko · 4 November 2008
Lowell saw lines on Mars he interpretted as canals. But there are neither canals nor lines on Mars! (Somewhere I have an old National Geographic from the 1950's with an article on Mars that defers to Lowell 'superior' eyesight!)
He imagined them, just like a child sees animals and man-made objects in clouds, just like ID 'cdesign proponentists' (search on Panda's Thumb if you don't know what this means) imagine the unnamed designer throughout Nature. (Hey, what about outer space aliens as the 'designer'? Are they not part of Nature? Can they not be investigated with the scientific method? All the more reason to continue SETI.)
The 'cdesign proponentists' have been inventing design in Nature since the 19th century.
Thank you Prof. Lowell.
Dave Luckett · 4 November 2008
More powerful telescopes and even digitised "photograps" of the Martian landscape don't prevent human beings from seeing patterns that aren't there. The human mind appears to be set up to see patterns, and it has a high "false-positive" tendency, probably a legacy of a heritage that makes it a survival trait to discern the faintest sign of a predator's pattern. If one is there, flight-fight enhances the chances of survival; if not, fight-flight is no more than a small waste of energy.
So Lowell saw canals on Mars, and others saw a human face on a Martian mesa, and still others see the Virgin Mary on walls and the face of Jesus in the clouds or the random clumpings of hillside rocks. Darwin's great insight was to see a pattern that is subtle, but actually exists, and to see only the pattern, not the face of God.
Joshua Zelinsky · 4 November 2008
There is a fair bit of evidence that Lowell was seeing something real: the patterns of light reflected off his retina. See this NYT summary http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D05EED81F3EF933A2575AC0A9649C8B63 .
Wheels · 4 November 2008
fnxtr · 4 November 2008
Wheels for the win!! THAT was funny!!!
Novparl · 5 November 2008
According to the pro-evolution Wikipedia, Wallace was unpopular for his unconventional ideas, such as Spiritualism, and was forgotten after his death.
Transmitted from Mars.
Christophe Thill · 5 November 2008
Well, for a guy who believed in spirits, Wallace was a great materialist thinker: cf. the last paragraph. His remarks are spot-on concerning the needs for large numbers and resources in an advanced society. And he knew how to debunk ID claims, too. That's what science does to you, I guess!
DS · 5 November 2008
That's really funny. It seems that the most popular introductory biology textbook used in college courses in the United States describes Wallace as "the codiscoverer of the theory of evolution" and describes in detail his correspondance with Darwin and the role he played in prompting Darwin to publish. Man, I sure hope I'm forgotten half as much as Wallace. Obviously Wikipedia really isn't a reliable source of information.
Anyway, if he was so completely forgotten, why does this chick care so much about what he had to say about Lowell?
Stanton · 5 November 2008
eric · 5 November 2008
Richard Simons · 5 November 2008
Les Lane · 5 November 2008
dr.d. · 5 November 2008
Sorry, but the Wikipedia aricle on Wallace says nothing of the sort that Novparl suggests. Perhaps you were reading conervaperdia?
novparl · 5 November 2008
@ Richard Simons. Yes, I'm an OEC.
SPIRITUALISM see the article's introduction, 3d para, 1st line, and part 3 :"Spiritualism". What part of that one word do you not understand? I just want to help.
Part 6 Legacy & Historical Perception.
line 5 "His fame faded quickly after his death."
@ STANTON & Dr D. What part of that do you not understand? I can write about 10 languages, which is your 1st language and I'll try to translate. "Faded" does not mean it can't revive later.
I realise that, to an Ayatollah of Evolution, every statement by a creationist must be said to be wrong. I'll now revisit Wikip to see what languages the article is also available in.
Hope you're enjoying your election day.
novparl · 5 November 2008
Hallo again.
It's in 30 languages, including Welsh and Korean.
The French gets a star, but appears to be a translation from English. (Apres sa mort, sa célébrité s'estompa rapidement.)
That won't interest you, because everything creationists say is wrong. A curiously black & white moral universe. Created by a random explosion some 13 billion years ago. (I accept the 13 b.y.a. explosion as quite possible. So it must be wrong, cuz I'm an EOC.)
Now flatten me! I love it!
novparl · 5 November 2008
Er - EOC = Evil old creationist.
Peter Henderson · 5 November 2008
Wheels · 5 November 2008
The idea that Darwin didn't insist on the weight of evidence is patently absurd. His books are packed to the brim with real-world examples and observations considered to support his conclusions. It really boggles my mind that somebody could honestly say Darwin didn't care for amassing evidence.
PvM · 5 November 2008
Richard Simons · 5 November 2008
phantomreader42 · 5 November 2008
Kevin B · 5 November 2008
What a lot of argument we're having again. :)
It is, perhaps, inevitable that scientists' reputations go into decline after (or even before) their deaths. Dead scientists aren't publishing new research, and the people who are publishing are blowing their own trumpets. It's only when the science ceases to be "leading edge" and the text books get written that it becomes clear who the important participants were.
And has been commented on here recently, when Wallace died in 1913, the whole concept of Evolution was very much in eclipse, and would continue to be until the work of Fisher, et al, in the 1930s.
Mike from Ottawa · 5 November 2008
RBH · 5 November 2008
notedscholar · 5 November 2008
Wow! You guys even disagree with each other about Mars! That's crazy.
Anyway, I agree with you about Wallace.
I noticed that one can't leave comments on the Uncommon Descent Blog without being an Uncommon Descent member. This strikes me as fascist. Ironic!
Paul Burnett · 5 November 2008
Dave Luckett · 5 November 2008
Noted, of course scientists disagree with each other, until conclusive evidence is available. They argue from the evidence, they point out weaknesses in it, they differ as to its interpretation and explanation, they rigorously examine the conclusions to be drawn from it, they fiercely question and debate it. Your own mindset is demonstrated by your description of disagreement as 'crazy'. It's not. Rather, it is the epitome of rationality. What is crazy is that you would think otherwise.
This 'crazy' insistence on rigorous debate from demonstrable fact gives the lie to the idea that science could be engaged in some sort of conspiracy to misrepresent the evidence for evolution and common descent, or could suppress evidence for separate creation, if any existed. Science could not do so, even if individual scientists wanted to, and the evidence is that very few would want to. It's a totally different mindset from the insistence on faith, dogma and orthodoxy that characterises religion. I suppose this is why you find it strange. But crazy, it isn't.
Dale Husband · 5 November 2008
It looks like the loons at Uncommon Descent have repaired their blog. Of course, their stupidity remains for all to see. Including that nonsense about Wallace.
Dale Husband · 5 November 2008
Stanton · 5 November 2008
Ravilyn Sanders · 6 November 2008
Off topic. Admins, please spawn a thread to speculate/discuss the effect of GOP loss in the elections on the attack on science by the fundies.
GOP gets a drubbing in the election. Their base was as "energized" as it could be due to Sarah Palin. That is one good thing about her selection, proved beyond doubt that religious right alone could not win elections in America.
May be the disaster in financial sector would jolt the general public out of apathy like Sputnik did back in 1950s and bring a resurgence of support to science?
Richard Simons · 6 November 2008
Jeff Webber · 6 November 2008
Joshua Zelinsky · 6 November 2008
The current draft of the article does say " His advocacy of Spiritualism and his belief in a non-material origin for the higher mental faculties of humans strained his relationship with the scientific establishment, especially with other early proponents of evolution." See http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&oldid=248729648 . This seems to have been there at least since September (I haven't gone back farther to check). So Novpar seems to be correct to that limited extent. I can't however find anything in the article that claims he was forgotten after his death. There's a source about him cited called "The Forgotten Naturalist" but that's it. Nov, could you please point to a specific sentence that made you think that the Wikipedia article says he was forgotten after his death?
Mike · 6 November 2008
Ravilyn Sanders · 6 November 2008
iml8 · 6 November 2008
Stanton · 6 November 2008
Henry J · 6 November 2008
notedscholar · 7 November 2008
Okay... who the hell is "novparl"???? And I thought *I* thought out of the box! This guy is just nuts and weird.
Stanton · 7 November 2008
386sx · 7 November 2008
novparl · 7 November 2008
Hello again.
I notice that no-one is scientific enough to admit that, leaving aside the hair-splitting about "fade" 'n' forgotten, I was right about Wikip devoting a section to Wallace & spiritualism. Mr Gould must be turning in his grave.
@ Richard Simon. You jump to the conclusion that I'm a Christian. Shoulda asked. I don't believe the Bible any more than evolution.
I'm sorry you think it's unreasonable to assume you're a gringo. I think I have it - you're miffed at the Canadian Tories getting back in, or (less likely) that Mr Harper hasn't got a majority, (or, tres improbable)vous etes Stéphane Dion.
@ Stanton. How can I cause "irreparable harm" to an idea you reject anyway? Now back into the kitchen. Preferably barefoot.
Themes to flatten me on: Wallace & Spiritualism - gringo - irreparable harm - feminism - Gould & tolerance - Newspeak. (The last because you now have to argue that tolerance is intolerance & intolerance is tolerance.)
Looking forward to hearing from you.
phantomreader42 · 7 November 2008
David Fickett-Wilbar · 7 November 2008
Stanton · 7 November 2008
PvM · 7 November 2008
Peter · 7 November 2008
I concur with all of those who think there is something ironic about O'Leary laughing at what is essentially an ID argument. It's nice to know that sometimes she has the sense to respect evidence and reasoned arguments.
Scott · 7 November 2008
phantomreader42 · 7 November 2008
Stanton · 7 November 2008
Richard Simons · 7 November 2008
Stuart Weinstein · 7 November 2008
"How about we not let O’Leary distort Carl Sagan’s feelings about evidence. He may have sincerely and passionately believed in other life, but he also was the person who said “extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.”
Indeed. Seems she didn't know that Sagan was one of the foremost debunkers of UFOlogy.
Stuart Weinstein · 7 November 2008
"Lowell saw lines on Mars he interpretted as canals. But there are neither canals nor lines on Mars! (Somewhere I have an old National Geographic from the 1950's with an article on Mars that defers to Lowell 'superior' eyesight!)"
Wasn't Schiaparelli the first to think fo them as canals.. he called them
canali. Lowell simply took the ball and ran with it as fas as he could.. well off into the weeds.
Wheels · 8 November 2008
"Canali" in Italian simply meaning "channels," which doesn't necessarily imply artificial construction as in "canals."
novparl · 8 November 2008
@ Scott - thanks mate. You're a true disciple of Prof. Gould (assuming you wanna be). Loved the remark about talk radio. Rush Limbaugh & the other NRA-ers shout so loud we even hear them this side of the pond.
@ phantomreader42 - you call me a liar or like that 14 times. So it must be true. (Whoops - I refer to your 1st attack - with hair-splitters like you I'd better be ultra careful.)
@ Stanton - you call me a liar etc. 9 times. So it must be true.
I'm gonna really upset you and suggest that you discipline yourselves long enough to stand back and ask yourself - what happens if 1 person don't believe in evolution - WW3? Also screaming at someone "you're mad!" is such an old, childish routine it don't work no more.
eric · 8 November 2008
SWT · 8 November 2008
novparl · 8 November 2008
No new comments?
novparl · 8 November 2008
What? It said no new comments.
Eric - you're over-dramatising. I have no influence over any educational system. I have never visited the US. What is banned from schools is a matter for local US citizens.
@ SWT - A good question. I believe in a vague creator or creators who don't send us any holy books. But the complexity of the 500 trillion connections in the brain, the circulation of the blood means it must have been designed. (Here y'all foam at the mouth.)
Stanton · 8 November 2008
Dale Husband · 8 November 2008
phantomreader42 · 8 November 2008
novparl · 9 November 2008
Who said I mind you shouting at me that I'm a liar? I don't take you seriously enough. You might as well shout at me "You're bad you are!"
@ Stanton - ah, you're a Texan - that explains why you're angry all the time. I make it quite clear above that I'm NOT a US citizen. Who are these scientists working on evolution of brain connections? I've looked in dozens of books for discussion of brain evolution. The only one I've found is in "Unweaving the Rainbow" where Dawkins spends more time talking about the Beatles, for Cryssakes.
Wheels · 9 November 2008
Dale Husband · 9 November 2008
Stanton · 9 November 2008
PvM · 9 November 2008
Stanton · 9 November 2008
Paul Burnett · 9 November 2008
SWT · 9 November 2008
novparl · 10 November 2008
Ok. Well thanks everyone for your contributions. It seems a bit strange to take over Panda's T. for our little wars, enjoy them tho' I do. I'll be commenting on another thread in a couple of days. Looking forward to hearing from y'all. Meanwhile I'm off to Oz Atheist (actually a fellow Limey!) for discussion on Brights, gays etc.
Also you cd look for the spelling mistake in the current topic (RNA).
London 10 Nov. 9.30 a.m.
minimalist · 10 November 2008
And there we have it, again. Evidence is to creationists what garlic is to vampires. "HISSSSS!!!! Flee!!!!"
Neil Lambert · 10 November 2008
Novparl is British? Oh shit, us Brits are not immune to these twats
Stanton · 10 November 2008
Novparl · 11 November 2008
Ah, is that my problem!
Tr nsm tt d fr m M@rs
eric · 11 November 2008
Stanton · 11 November 2008
Dave Luckett · 12 November 2008
Novpart says:
"Tr nsm tt d fr m M@rs" (sic)
It seems that Novparl is used to being disemvowelled, which says volumes about his usual discourse.